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For the dedicated reef aquarist, maintaining a vibrant coral garden requires knowledge and precision, especially when caring for Large Polyp Stony (LPS) and Small Polyp Stony (SPS) corals. These corals are popular among enthusiasts for their dramatic colours and structures, but they demand a higher level of care than more forgiving species. At Blackfish Marine, we equip you with advanced techniques to ensure your LPS and SPS corals not only survive but thrive.
Understanding LPS and SPS Corals
LPS corals, known for their large, fleshy polyps and often vibrant colours, include varieties like Hammer Coral, Frogspawn, and Brain Coral. They generally require less intense lighting and water flow compared to SPS corals. On the other hand, SPS corals, such as Acropora, Montipora, and Birdsnest, are characterised by their smaller polyps and dense, calcium carbonate skeletons. They thrive in environments with strong lighting and significant water flow.
1. Optimal Water Conditions
Maintaining pristine water quality is paramount for the health of LPS and SPS corals. Ideal water parameters include:
- Temperature: 76-78°F (24-26°C)
- pH: 8.1-8.4
- Alkalinity: 8-12 dKH
- Calcium: 400-450 ppm
- Magnesium: 1250-1350 ppm
Regular testing and adjustments are crucial. Advanced aquarists often use dosing pumps to maintain these parameters consistently.
2. Lighting Requirements
SPS corals require high-intensity lighting to support their rapid growth and vibrant coloration. LED lighting systems that can mimic natural sunlight with a full spectrum are ideal. LPS corals are more flexible regarding lighting but still benefit from moderate to high lighting levels. It’s important to adjust the lighting gradually to prevent stressing the corals.
3. Water Flow and Placement
SPS corals need strong, direct water flow to keep their surfaces clean off detritus and to facilitate their access to nutrients. In contrast, LPS corals prefer moderate flow to prevent damage to their fleshy polyps. Placement within the tank should reflect these needs, with SPS corals placed higher up where flow and light are strongest, and LPS corals positioned lower in the tank where the environment is less harsh.
4. Feeding Strategies
While both LPS and SPS corals benefit from the symbiotic algae, zooxanthellae, that live in their tissues, supplemental feeding can promote better growth and coloration. LPS corals enjoy meaty foods like mysis shrimp and enriched brine shrimp, which can be target fed to individual polyps. SPS corals, however, benefit from finer, planktonic foods that can be dispersed by the water flow they thrive in.
5. Handling Pests and Diseases
Advanced coral care also involves regular monitoring for pests and diseases. Pests like coral-eating flatworms and Acropora-eating red bugs can devastate SPS colonies, while LPS corals can suffer from issues like brown jelly disease. Quarantine new corals before introducing them to your main tank and consider dips in coral-safe solutions to handle outbreaks.
Conclusion
Mastering the care of LPS and SPS corals can seem daunting, but with the right knowledge and tools, it is entirely within your reach. At Blackfish Marine, we provide not only the supplies you need but also the expertise to help your coral reef thrive. Explore our resources and products designed for advanced reef keepers, and take your coral care to the next level. Remember, a successful reef tank is a testament to the care and dedication of its keeper.